States A-K

§ 32-5C-1

 (1) LIGHT REFLECTANCE. The ratio of the amount of total light that is reflected outward by a product or material to the amount of total light falling on the product or material.

(2) LIGHT TRANSMISSION. The ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, which is allowed to pass through a surface to the amount of light falling on the surface.

(3) MANUFACTURER. A person who produces or assembles a vehicle glass-coating material or who fabricates, laminates, or tempers a safety-glazing material, which material reduces light transmission.

(4) MATERIAL. Any transparent product or substance which reduces light transmission.

§ 32-5C-2

 (a) Except as provided in this chapter, a person shall not operate a motor vehicle registered in this state under either of the following conditions:

(1) With material or glazing applied or affixed to the front windshield which reduces light transmission through the front windshield.

(2) With material or glazing applied or affixed to the rear windshield or the side or door windows which reduce light transmission through the rear windshield or side windows to less than 32 percent or increase light reflectance to more than 20 percent, with a measurement tolerance of at least 3 percent. The light transmission shall be measured with a device or instrument capable of measuring light transmission before a person may be charged with a violation of this section, and the officer shall be equipped with such a meter before stopping the driver.

(b) This section does not apply to any personal use vehicles belonging to, and occupied by, any active or retired state, local, or federal law enforcement officer.

(c) All active or retired state, local, or federal law enforcement officers shall carry law enforcement identification while driving their personal use vehicles referenced in subsection (b).

§ 32-5C-3

The provisions of Section 32-5C-2 shall not apply to any of the following: 

(1) Adjustable sun visors which are mounted forward of the side windows and are not attached to the glass.

(2) Signs, stickers, or other matter which is displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the front or rear windshield.

(3) Direction, destination, or termination signs upon a passenger common carrier motor vehicle if the signs do not interfere with the driver's clear view of approaching traffic.

(4) Any transparent item which is not red or amber in color which is placed on the uppermost six inches of the windshield.

(5) Any federal, state, or local sticker or certificate which is required by law to be placed on any windshield or window.

(6) Any other vehicle, the windows or windshields of which have been tinted or darkened before factory delivery or permitted by federal law or regulation.

(7) Any motor vehicle not registered in this state.

§ 32-5C-4

 (a) The Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency (ALEA), upon application from a person required for medical reasons to be shielded from the direct rays of the sun, may issue an exemption from this chapter for any motor vehicle owned by the person or in which the person is a habitual passenger. The application shall be supported by written statement of that fact from a physician licensed to practice medicine in this state. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), the exemption may be issued with the conditions and limitations prescribed by ALEA.

(b) An exemption granted pursuant to subsection (a) to persons with light-sensitive prophyria shall apply to all areas of the windshield and windows prescribed by the physician in the written statement submitted as part of the application.

(c) ALEA shall design a decal with a unique identification number to be issued to each person granted an exemption pursuant to this section. The decal shall be placed on the windshield of each motor vehicle operated by the exempt person. The department may charge a reasonable fee for each decal issued. The proceeds of the fee shall be used by the department to defray the costs of designing the decal and administering the exemption process.

§ 32-5C-5

 Each manufacturer of material designed to be affixed or applied to the windows or windshields of a motor vehicle for the purpose of window tinting shall apply to the director for approval and registration of the material and the label for identification and certification of compliance before shipping the material into the state. No material shall be approved by the director unless the manufacturer demonstrates that the material, when applied or affixed to a window, does not reduce light transmission or increase light reflectance in violation of Section 32-5C-2. The manufacturer of any material shipped into this state shall provide labels of a size and type approved by the director, written instructions for the placement of the labels, and a notice that the improper installation of material to a window or windshield or the failure to display a label as provided in this section is a violation of state law. It is unlawful for any person to alter or reproduce any label approved by the director or to knowingly use any approved label except as authorized by this section. 

§ 32-5C-6

Any motor vehicle which has material and glazing applied or affixed to the windows or rear windshield of a vehicle, which material and glazing have reduced the light transmission through the window or windshield or increased the light reflectance of the window or windshield, shall display a label visible from the outside of the vehicle indicating that the windows and windshield are in compliance with the light transmission and light reflectance requirements as provided in Section 32-5C-2. No person shall install any material upon the windshield or windows of any motor vehicle, the installation of which would result in a reduction of light transmission or an increase in light reflectance in violation of Section 32-5C-2.

§ 32-5C-7

A person who violates this chapter is guilty of a misdemeanor and for a first conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars ($100), or by imprisonment for not more than 10 days, or by both fine and imprisonment;  for a second conviction for an offense committed within one year after the date of the first offense, the person shall be punished by a fine of not more than two hundred dollars ($200), or by imprisonment for not more than 30 days, or by both fine and imprisonment;  and for a third conviction for a third or subsequent offense committed within one year after the date of the first offense, the person shall be punished by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars ($500), or by imprisonment for not more than three months, or by both fine and imprisonment.

(a) A person may not drive a motor vehicle on a highway, public road, street, or parking lot with mirrored tinting material on any window of the vehicle. Except as provided in this section, a person may not drive a motor vehicle on a highway, public road, street or parking lot with aftermarket tinting material or aftermarket striping material on any window of the vehicle.

(b) Aftermarket tinting of vehicle windows is allowed as follows:

(1) the front windshield may have a strip of tinting material applied to the top edge, known in the industry as an "eyebrow," which does not extend downward more than five inches from the top of the glass;

(2) the driver and front passenger side windows may have tinting material that permits at least 70 percent light transmittance;

(3) the rear door windows, quarter glasses, and back glasses may have tinting material that permits at least 40 percent light transmittance;

(4) limousines and passenger buses used to transport persons for hire, motor homes, and vehicles identified by the vehicle manufacturer as multipurpose may have tinting material that complies with Standard No. 205, Glazing Materials, in 49 C.F.R. 571.205(1992).

(c) The windows of a vehicle may have tinting material that permits less light transmittance than that specified in (b) of this section if

(1) a driver or a passenger who frequently travels in the vehicle is required for medical reasons to be shielded from the direct rays of the sun;

(2) the medical reasons are certified annually by a physician licensed to practice in this state; and

(3) the certification is carried in the vehicle.

(d) Tinting materials must be green, gray, bronze, or neutral smoke in color, or a sun reflective auto film.

(e) Light transmittance must be measured by using a light transmittance measuring device with an allowance for manufacturing variances of plus or minus three percent. The accuracy of the device must be certified by the manufacturer.

(f) In this section, "light transmittance" means the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the amount of total light that is allowed to pass through a window, including glazing, to the amount of total light falling on the window.

(g) All vehicles must comply with this section by July 1, 1994.

(h) A tinted rear window on a motor vehicle is exempt from regulations relating to the tinting or luminous transmittance materials used in motor vehicle windows, if the vehicle's owner has proof that the rear window tinting was installed before July 1, 1994, and the vehicle is equipped with driver-side and passenger-side rearview mirrors.

A. This section does not apply to:

1. Front side wing vents and windows that have a substance or material in conjunction with glazing material that has a light transmission of thirty-three percent plus or minus three percent and a luminous reflectance of thirty-five percent plus or minus three percent.

2. Front side wing vents and windows that have a substance or material not attached in conjunction with glazing material that is used by a vehicle operator on a moving vehicle during daylight hours as provided in section 28-922.

3. Rearview mirrors.

4. Adjustable nontransparent sun visors that are mounted forward of the side windows and that are not attached to the glass.

5. Signs, stickers or other materials that are either:

(a) Displayed in a seven inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver.

(b) Displayed in a five inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest the driver.

6. Side windows that are to the rear of the driver and rear windows that have a substance or material in conjunction with glazing material that has a luminous reflectance of thirty-five percent plus or minus three percent or less.

7. Direction, destination or termination signs on a passenger common carrier motor vehicle, if the signs do not interfere with the driver's clear view of approaching traffic.

8. Rear window wiper motors.

9. A rear trunk lid handle or hinges.

10. The rear window or windows if the motor vehicle is equipped with outside mirrors that are on both left-hand and right-hand sides of the vehicle and that are located in a manner to reflect to the driver a view of the highway through each mirror for a distance of at least two hundred feet to the rear of the motor vehicle.

11. Transparent material that is installed, affixed or applied to the topmost portion of the windshield if:

(a) The bottom edge of the material is at least twenty-nine inches above the undepressed driver's seat when measured from a point five inches in front of the bottom of the backrest with the driver's seat in its rearmost and lowermost position with the vehicle on a level surface.

(b) The material is not red or amber in color.

12. Safety monitoring equipment and driver feedback if mounted in either of the following locations:

(a) Immediately behind, slightly above or slightly below the rearview mirror.

(b) Where the rearview mirror would commonly be positioned if the motor vehicle is without a windshield mounted rearview mirror.

B. Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person shall not operate a motor vehicle with an object or material placed, displayed, installed, affixed or applied on the windshield or side or rear windows or with an object or material placed, displayed, installed, affixed or applied in or on the motor vehicle in a manner that obstructs or reduces a driver's clear view through the windshield or side or rear windows.

C. Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person shall not place, install, affix or apply a transparent material on the windshield or side or rear windows of a motor vehicle if the material alters the color or reduces the light transmittance of the windshield or side or rear windows.

D. Each manufacturer shall certify to the director that the product or material the manufacturer manufactures or assembles complies with the reflectivity and transmittance requirements of this section.

E. This section does not allow or prohibit the use and placement of federal, state or local certificates on any window as are required or prohibited by applicable laws.

F. A person who sells or installs objects or materials under this section shall set forth in a conspicuous manner that the installation of the object or material to the driver or passenger side window may be illegal in some states.

G. On application from a person required for medical reasons to be shielded from the direct rays of the sun that is supported by written attestation of this fact from a physician licensed pursuant to title 32, chapter 13, 14 or 17, the department may issue an exemption from this section for a motor vehicle belonging to the person or in which the person is a habitual passenger. A person may operate a vehicle or alter the color or reduce the light transmitted through the side or rear windows of a vehicle pursuant to an exemption issued by the director.

H. In this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

1. "Light transmission" means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, that is allowed to pass through the product or material including the glazing to the amount of total light falling on the product or material and the glazing.

2. "Luminous reflectance" means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, that is reflected outward by the product or material to the amount of total light falling on the product or material.

3. "Manufacturer" means either:

(a) A person who engages in the manufacturing or assembling of sun screening products or materials designed to be used in conjunction with vehicle glazing materials.

(b) A person who fabricates, laminates or tempers the glazing material incorporating the capacity to reflect or to reduce the transmittance of light during the manufacturing process.

§ 27-37-306

(a) It shall be unlawful to operate a vehicle on the public highways if after-market tinting material, together with striping material, has been applied to any windows of the vehicle or if letters or logos larger than one-quarter inch ( 1/4 -) have been applied to the windows of the vehicle.

(b) After-market tinting of vehicle windows shall be lawful only as follows:

(1) The glass immediately in front of the operator may have a strip of tinting material applied to the top edge, known in the industry as an “eyebrow”, but it may not extend downward more than five inches (5-) from the top center of the windshield;

(2) On all 1994 model vehicles and later model vehicles, the side windows and side wings located on the immediate right or left of the driver or to the right or left immediately behind the driver may be covered with an after-market tinting material which results in at least twenty-five percent (25%) net light transmission, except that the side windows immediately behind the driver on any truck, bus, trailer, motor home, or multiple purpose passenger vehicle may be covered with an after-market tinting material which results in at least ten percent (10%) net light transmission; and

(3) On all 1994 model vehicles and later model vehicles, the rearmost window may be covered with an after-market tinting material which results in at least ten percent (10%) net light transmission.

(c) Any vehicle that is operated on Arkansas roads with after-market tinting material on any glass shall have attached to the front glass immediately to the operator's left a label containing the name and phone number of the company installing the tinting material and affirming that all tinting on the vehicle conforms to the requirements of this section.

(d) The provisions of this section shall not apply to motorists operating vehicles registered in other states that have enacted legislation regulating the shading of windshields or windows of motor vehicles who are driving on Arkansas roads and highways.

(e)(1)(A) A motorist is exempt from this section if the motorist is diagnosed by a physician as having a disease or disorder, including, but not limited to, albinism or lupus, for which the physician determines it is in the best interest of the motorist to be exempt from the requirements of this section. The motorist shall carry in his or her motor vehicle a physician's certification.

(B) The installation of tinted glass is exempt from this section if the tinted glass is installed in the motor vehicle of a person exempted under this subsection, as evidenced by a physician's certification.

(C) For vehicles tinted prior to August 16, 2013, this subdivision (e)(1) applies. Proof of the date of the application of the tint and the name and phone number of the company that applied the tinting shall be carried in the motor vehicle.

(2) After August 16, 2013, a motorist that provides a physician's certification attesting that it is in the best interest of the motorist to have such tinting may have window tinting performed as follows:

(A) The side windows and side wings located on the immediate right or left of the driver or to the right or left immediately behind the driver may be covered with an after-market tinting material which results in at least twenty percent (20%) net light transmission;

(B) The rearmost window may be covered with an after-market tinting material which results in at least ten percent (10%) net light transmission; and

(C) The front windshield may be covered with an after-market tinting material which results in at least fifty percent (50%) net light transmission.

(3) After August 13, 2013, a vehicle operated on Arkansas roads with after-market tinting material on the glass under this section shall have attached to the front glass immediately to the operator's left a label from the window tinting installer that:

(A) Provides the name and phone number of the company that installed the tinting material; and

(B) Affirms that all tinting on the vehicle conforms to the requirements of this section.

(4) A motorist utilizing the provisions of this section shall carry the physician's certification in the motor vehicle.

(5) Any physician certification issued in compliance with this subsection shall be valid for three (3) years from the date of issue.

(6) Upon transfer of a vehicle with window tinting under the medical waiver exemption, the transferor shall:

(A) Disclose that the window tinting is not within legal limits without a medical waiver; or

(B) Remove the tinting that was based on the medical waiver.

(f) The provisions of this section shall not be applicable to vehicles or operators of vehicles used exclusively or primarily for the transportation of dead human bodies.

(g) Any installer of motor vehicle glass tinting material who installs any glass tinting in violation of this section or otherwise violates the provisions of this section or any person operating any motor vehicle with glass tinting or other after-market alteration of the glass in the vehicle which is contrary to the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a Class B misdemeanor.

(h) The provisions of this section shall also apply to:

(1) All 1993 and older model vehicles which have not had after-market tinting material applied in accordance with Acts 1991, No. 563 [repealed], or Acts 1991, No. 1043 [repealed]; and

(2) At such time as the ownership of the same are transferred, all older model vehicles which have had after-market tinting material applied in accordance with Acts 1991, No. 563 [repealed], or Acts 1991, No. 1043 [repealed].

(i) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section or any other law to the contrary, windshields of law enforcement vehicles may be tinted to the extent that the windshield permits at least fifty percent (50%) net light transmission.

(j) This section does not apply to a sedan under § 27-37-307.

§ 27-37-307

(a)(1) As used in this section, “sedan” means a motor vehicle that:

(A) Has been licensed as an automobile for hire under § 27-14-601(a)(2);

(B) Accommodates a minimum of three (3) rear passengers; and

(C) Is chauffeur-driven.

(2) A sedan is not a taxicab or van.

(b) A sedan that is licensed as an automobile for hire may have the following window tinting:

(1) On the rear passenger doors of the motor vehicle, tinting that results in at least fifteen percent (15%) net light transmission, and on the rear windshield of the motor vehicle, tinting that results in at least ten percent (10%) net light transmission;

(2) A strip of window tinting material applied to the top edge of the front windshield, known in the industry as an “eyebrow”, if the tinting results in at least ten percent (10%) net light transmission; and

(3) Window tinting on the front passenger doors that results in at least twenty-five percent (25%) net light transmission.

(c) A sedan in compliance with this section is exempt from § 27-37-306.

(d)(1) Except as provided under subdivision (d)(2) of this section, a person or entity that owns a sedan with window tinting under this section shall remove the tinting allowed under this section and return it to compliance with § 27-37-306 when the sedan is:

(A) Sold to another person or entity that is not in the business of renting automobiles for hire; and

(B) No longer expected to be used as a sedan for hire.

(2) If the window tinting is not a film but an actual tinting of the glass, subdivision (d)(1) of this section does not apply.

§ 26700.

(a) Except as provided in subdivision (b) or (c), a passenger vehicle, other than a motorcycle, and every bus, motortruck or truck tractor, and every firetruck, fire engine or other fire apparatus, whether publicly or privately owned, shall be equipped with an adequate windshield.

(b) Subdivision (a) does not apply to any vehicle issued identification plates pursuant to Section 5004 which was not required to be equipped with a windshield at the time it was first sold or registered under the laws of this state, another state, or foreign jurisdiction.

(c) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation with a human occupant in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto.

§ 26701.

(a) No person shall sell, offer for sale, or operate any motor vehicle, except a motorcycle, manufactured after January 1, 1936, unless it is equipped with safety glazing material wherever glazing materials are used in interior partitions, doors, windows, windshields, auxiliary wind deflectors or openings in the roof.

(b) No person shall sell or offer for sale any camper manufactured after January 1, 1968, nor shall any person operate a motor vehicle registered in this state which is equipped with that camper, unless the camper is equipped with safety glazing materials wherever glazing materials are used in outside windows and doors, interior partitions, and openings in the roof.

(c) No person shall operate a motorcycle manufactured after January 1, 1969, equipped with a windshield containing glazing material unless it is safety glazing material.

(d) No person shall sell, offer for sale, or operate any motor vehicle equipped with red, blue, or amber translucent aftermarket material in any partitions, windows, windshields, or wind deflectors.

(e) No person shall sell, offer for sale, or operate any trailer coach manufactured after January 1, 1977, that is capable of being towed with a fifth-wheel device unless the trailer coach is equipped with safety glazing materials wherever glazing materials are used in windows or doors, interior partitions, and openings in the roof.

§ 26703.

(a) No person shall replace any glazing materials used in interior partitions, doors, windows, or openings in the roof in any motor vehicle, in the outside windows, doors, interior partitions, or openings in the roof of any camper, or in windows, doors, interior partitions, or openings in the roof of a trailer coach capable of being towed with a fifth-wheel device, with any glazing material other than safety glazing material.

(b) No person shall replace any glazing material used in the windshield, rear window, auxiliary wind deflectors, or windows to the left and right of the driver with any material other than safety glazing material.

§ 26704.

Wherever the term “safety glazing material” is used in this article, it means safety glazing material of a type meeting requirements established by the department.

§ 26705.

On or after January 1, 1969, no person shall sell or offer for sale for use upon or as part of the equipment of a motorcycle any motorcycle windshield unless the glazing material used therein is safety glazing material.

§ 26706.

(a) Every motor vehicle, except motorcycles, equipped with a windshield shall also be equipped with a self-operating windshield wiper.

(b) Every new motor vehicle first registered after December 31, 1949, except motorcycles, shall be equipped with two windshield wipers, one mounted on the right half and one on the left half of the windshield, except that any motor vehicle may be equipped with a single wiper so long as it meets the wiped area requirements in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards Governing Windshield Wiping and Washing Systems.

(c) This section does not apply to snow removal equipment equipped with adequate manually operated windshield wipers.

(d) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation by a human driver seated in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto.

§ 26707.

Windshield wipers required by this code shall be maintained in good operating condition and shall provide clear vision through the windshield for the driver. Wipers shall be operated under conditions of fog, snow, or rain and shall be capable of effectively clearing the windshield under all ordinary storm or load conditions while the vehicle is in operation.

§ 26708.

(a) (1) A person shall not drive any motor vehicle with any object or material placed, displayed, installed, affixed, or applied upon the windshield or side or rear windows.

(2) A person shall not drive any motor vehicle with any object or material placed, displayed, installed, affixed, or applied in or upon the vehicle that obstructs or reduces the driver’s clear view through the windshield or side windows.

(3) This subdivision applies to a person driving a motor vehicle with the driver’s clear vision through the windshield, or side or rear windows, obstructed by snow or ice.

(b) This section does not apply to any of the following:

(1) Rearview mirrors.

(2) Adjustable nontransparent sunvisors that are mounted forward of the side windows and are not attached to the glass.

(3) Signs, stickers, or other materials that are displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver, signs, stickers, or other materials that are displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the rear window farthest removed from the driver, or signs, stickers, or other materials that are displayed in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest the driver.

(4) Side windows that are to the rear of the driver.

(5) Direction, destination, or terminus signs upon a passenger common carrier motor vehicle or a schoolbus, if those signs do not interfere with the driver’s clear view of approaching traffic.

(6) Rear window wiper motor.

(7) Rear trunk lid handle or hinges.

(8) The rear window or windows, if the motor vehicle is equipped with outside mirrors on both the left- and right-hand sides of the vehicle that are so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway through each mirror for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of the vehicle.

(9) A clear, transparent lens affixed to the side window opposite the driver on a vehicle greater than 80 inches in width and that occupies an area not exceeding 50 square inches of the lowest corner toward the rear of that window and that provides the driver with a wide-angle view through the lens.

(10) Sun screening devices meeting the requirements of Section 26708.2 installed on the side windows on either side of the vehicle’s front seat, if the driver or a passenger in the front seat has in his or her possession a letter or other document signed by a licensed physician and surgeon certifying that the person must be shaded from the sun due to a medical condition, or has in his or her possession a letter or other document signed by a licensed optometrist certifying that the person must be shaded from the sun due to a visual condition. The devices authorized by this paragraph shall not be used during darkness.

(11) An electronic communication device affixed to the center uppermost portion of the interior of a windshield within an area that is not greater than five inches square, if the device provides either of the following:

(A) The capability for enforcement facilities of the Department of the California Highway Patrol to communicate with a vehicle equipped with the device.

(B) The capability for electronic toll and traffic management on public or private roads or facilities.

(12) A portable Global Positioning System (GPS), which may be mounted in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver or in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest to the driver and outside of an airbag deployment zone, if the system is used only for door-to-door navigation while the motor vehicle is being operated.

(13) (A) A video event recorder with the capability of monitoring driver performance to improve driver safety, which may be mounted in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver, in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest to the driver and outside of an airbag deployment zone, or in a five-inch square mounted to the center uppermost portion of the interior of the windshield. As used in this section, “video event recorder” means a video recorder that continuously records in a digital loop, recording audio, video, and G-force levels, but saves video only when triggered by an unusual motion or crash or when operated by the driver to monitor driver performance.

(B) A vehicle equipped with a video event recorder shall have a notice posted in a visible location which states that a passenger’s conversation may be recorded.

(C) Video event recorders shall store no more than 30 seconds before and after a triggering event.

(D) The registered owner or lessee of the vehicle may disable the device.

(E) The data recorded to the device is the property of the registered owner or lessee of the vehicle.

(F) When a person is driving for hire as an employee in a vehicle with a video event recorder, the person’s employer shall provide unedited copies of the recordings upon the request of the employee or the employee’s representative. These copies shall be provided free of charge to the employee and within five days of the request.

(14) (A) A video event recorder in a commercial motor vehicle with the capability of monitoring driver performance to improve driver safety, which may be mounted no more than two inches below the upper edge of the area swept by the windshield wipers, and outside the driver’s sight lines to the road and highway signs and signals. Subparagraphs (B) to (F), inclusive, of paragraph (13) apply to the exemption provided by this paragraph.

(B) Except as provided in subparagraph (C), subparagraph (A) shall become inoperative on the following dates, whichever date is later:

(i) The date that the Department of the California Highway Patrol determines is the expiration date of the exemption from the requirements of paragraph (1) of subdivision (e) of Section 393.60 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as renewed in the notice of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration on pages 21791 and 21792 of Volume 76 of the Federal Register (April 18, 2011).

(ii) The date that the Department of the California Highway Patrol determines is the expiration date for a subsequent renewal of an exemption specified in clause (i).

(C) Notwithstanding subparagraph (B), subparagraph (A) shall become operative on the date that the Department of the California Highway Patrol determines is the effective date of regulations revising paragraph (1) of subdivision (e) of Section 393.60 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations to allow the placement of a video event recorder at the top of the windshield on a commercial motor vehicle.

(c) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), transparent material may be installed, affixed, or applied to the topmost portion of the windshield if the following conditions apply:

(1) The bottom edge of the material is at least 29 inches above the undepressed driver’s seat when measured from a point five inches in front of the bottom of the backrest with the driver’s seat in its rearmost and lowermost position with the vehicle on a level surface.

(2) The material is not red or amber in color.

(3) There is no opaque lettering on the material and any other lettering does not affect primary colors or distort vision through the windshield.

(4) The material does not reflect sunlight or headlight glare into the eyes of occupants of oncoming or following vehicles to any greater extent than the windshield without the material.

(d) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), clear, colorless, and transparent material may be installed, affixed, or applied to the front side windows, located to the immediate left and right of the front seat if the following conditions are met:

(1) The material has a minimum visible light transmittance of 88 percent.

(2) The window glazing with the material applied meets all requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 205 (49 C.F.R. 571.205), including the specified minimum light transmittance of 70 percent and the abrasion resistance of AS–14 glazing, as specified in that federal standard.

(3) The material is designed and manufactured to enhance the ability of the existing window glass to block the sun’s harmful ultraviolet A rays.

(4) The driver has in his or her possession, or within the vehicle, a certificate signed by the installing company certifying that the windows with the material installed meet the requirements of this subdivision and the certificate identifies the installing company and the material’s manufacturer by full name and street address, or, if the material was installed by the vehicle owner, a certificate signed by the material’s manufacturer certifying that the windows with the material installed according to manufacturer’s instructions meet the requirements of this subdivision and the certificate identifies the material’s manufacturer by full name and street address.

(5) If the material described in this subdivision tears or bubbles, or is otherwise worn to prohibit clear vision, it shall be removed or replaced.

(e) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), clear, colorless, and transparent material may be installed, affixed, or applied to the windshield, side, or rear windows of a motor vehicle if the following conditions are met:

(1) The material has a minimum visible light transmittance of 88 percent.

(2) The window glazing with the material applied meets all requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 205 (49 C.F.R. 571.205), including the specified minimum light transmittance of 70 percent and the abrasion resistance of AS–14 glazing, as specified in that federal standard.

(3) The material is designed and manufactured to enhance the ability of the existing window glass to block the sun’s harmful ultraviolet A rays.

(4) The driver has in his or her possession, or within the vehicle, a certificate signed by a licensed dermatologist certifying that the person should not be exposed to ultraviolet rays because of a medical condition that necessitates clear, colorless, and transparent film material to be installed on the windshield, side, or rear windows.

(5) If the material described in this subdivision tears or bubbles, or is otherwise worn to prohibit clear vision, it shall be removed or replaced.

§ 26708.2.

Sun screening devices permitted by paragraph (10) of subdivision (b) of Section 26708 shall meet the following requirements:

(a) The devices shall be held in place by means allowing ready removal from the window area, such as a frame, a rigid material with temporary fasteners, or a flexible roller shade.

(b) Devices utilizing transparent material shall be green, gray, or a neutral smoke in color and shall have a luminous transmittance of not less than 35 percent.

(c) Devices utilizing nontransparent louvers or other alternating patterns of opaque and open sections shall have an essentially uniform pattern over the entire surface, except for framing and supports. At least 35 percent of the device area shall be open and no individual louver or opaque section shall have a projected vertical dimension exceeding 3/16 inch.

(d) The devices shall not have a reflective quality exceeding 35 percent on either the inner or outer surface.

§ 26708.5.

(a) No person shall place, install, affix, or apply any transparent material upon the windshield, or side or rear windows, of any motor vehicle if the material alters the color or reduces the light transmittance of the windshield or side or rear windows, except as provided in subdivision (b), (c), or (d) of Section 26708.

(b) Tinted safety glass may be installed in a vehicle if (1) the glass complies with motor vehicle safety standards of the United States Department of Transportation for safety glazing materials, and (2) the glass is installed in a location permitted by those standards for the particular type of glass used.

§ 26708.7.

Notwithstanding any other law, a vehicle operated and owned or leased by a federal, state, or local agency, department, or district, that employs peace officers, as defined by Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, for use by those peace officers in the performance of their duties, is exempt from California law, and regulations adopted pursuant thereto, prohibiting or limiting material that may be placed, displayed, installed, affixed, or applied to the side or rear windows, commonly referred to as window tinting or glazing.

§ 26709.

(a) (1) Every motor vehicle registered in a foreign jurisdiction and every motorcycle subject to registration in this state shall be equipped with a mirror so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of such vehicle.

(2) Every motor vehicle subject to registration in this state, except a motorcycle, shall be equipped with not less than two mirrors, including one affixed to the left-hand side.

(b) The following described types of motor vehicles, of a type subject to registration, shall be equipped with mirrors on both the left- and right-hand sides of the vehicle so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway through each mirror for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of such vehicle:

(1) A motor vehicle so constructed or loaded as to obstruct the driver’s view to the rear.

(2) A motor vehicle towing a vehicle and the towed vehicle or load thereon obstructs the driver’s view to the rear.

(3) A bus or trolley coach.

(c) The provisions of subdivision (b) shall not apply to a passenger vehicle when the load obstructing the driver’s view consists of passengers.

(d) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation by a human driver seated in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto.

§ 26710.

(a) It is unlawful to operate any motor vehicle upon a highway when the windshield or rear window is in such a defective condition as to impair the driver’s vision either to the front or rear.

(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), it is unlawful to operate any motor vehicle described in Section 34500 upon a highway when the condition of the windshield is other than described in Section 393.60(c) of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

(c) In the event any windshield or rear window fails to comply with this code the officer making the inspection shall direct the driver to make the windshield and rear window conform to the requirements of this code within 48 hours. The officer may also arrest the driver and give them notice to appear and further require the driver or the owner of the vehicle to produce in court satisfactory evidence that the windshield or rear window has been made to conform to the requirements of this code.

§ 26711.

Every bus or trolley coach, except those first registered prior to January 1, 1960, and engaged in urban and suburban service as defined in Section 35107, shall be equipped with movable eyeshades of sufficient size to shade the eyes of the operator of a bus or trolley coach while it is being driven facing the sun.

§ 26712.

(a) Every passenger vehicle used or maintained for the transportation of persons for hire, compensation, or profit shall be equipped with a defrosting device that is adequate to remove snow, ice, frost, fog, or internal moisture from the windshield.

(b) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation by a human driver seated in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto.

 (1)(a)(I) Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph (a), no person shall operate a motor vehicle registered in Colorado on which any window, except the windshield, is composed of, covered by, or treated with any material or component that presents an opaque, nontransparent, or metallic or mirrored appearance in such a way that it allows less than twenty-seven percent light transmittance. The windshield shall allow at least seventy percent light transmittance.

(II) Notwithstanding subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (a), the windows to the rear of the driver, including the rear window, may allow less than twenty-seven percent light transmittance if the front side windows and the windshield on such vehicles allow at least seventy percent light transmittance.

(III) A law enforcement vehicle may have its windows, except the windshield, treated in such a manner so as to allow less than twenty-seven percent light transmittance only for the purpose of providing a valid law enforcement service. A law enforcement vehicle with such window treatment shall not be used for any traffic law enforcement operations, including operations concerning any offense in this article. For purposes of this subparagraph (III), “law enforcement vehicle” means a vehicle owned or leased by a state or local law enforcement agency. The treatment of the windshield of a law enforcement vehicle is subject to the limits described in paragraph (b) of this subsection (1).

(b) Notwithstanding any provision of paragraph (a) of this subsection (1), nontransparent material may be applied, installed, or affixed to the topmost portion of the windshield subject to the following:

(I) The bottom edge of the material extends no more than four inches measured from the top of the windshield down;

(II) The material is not red or amber in color, nor does it affect perception of primary colors or otherwise distort vision or contain lettering that distorts or obstructs vision;

(III) The material does not reflect sunlight or headlight glare into the eyes of occupants of oncoming or preceding vehicles to any greater extent than the windshield without the material.

(c) Nothing in this subsection (1) shall be construed to prevent the use of any window which is composed of, covered by, or treated with any material or component in a manner approved by federal statute or regulation if such window was included as a component part of a vehicle at the time of the vehicle manufacture, or the replacement of any such window by such covering which meets such guidelines.

(d) No material shall be used on any window in the motor vehicle that presents a metallic or mirrored appearance.

(e) Nothing in this subsection (1) shall be construed to deny or prevent the use of certificates or other papers which do not obstruct the view of the driver and which may be required by law to be displayed.

(2) The windshield on every motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, snow, or other moisture from the windshield, which device shall be so constructed as to be controlled or operated by the driver of the vehicle.

(3)(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection (3), any person who violates any provision of this section commits a class B traffic infraction.

(b) Any person who installs, covers, or treats a windshield or window so that the windshield or window does not meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred dollars nor more than five thousand dollars.

(b) Any person who installs, covers, or treats a windshield or window so that the windshield or window does not meet the requirements of subsection (1)(a) of this section commits a class A traffic infraction.

(4) This section shall apply to all motor vehicles;  except that subsection (2) of this section shall not apply to low-speed electric vehicles.

§ 42-4-229

 (1) No person shall sell any new motor vehicle, nor shall any new motor vehicle be registered, unless such vehicle is equipped with safety glazing material of a type approved by the department for any required front windshield and wherever glazing material is used in doors and windows of said motor vehicle. This section shall apply to all passenger-type motor vehicles, including passenger buses and school vehicles, but, in respect to camper coaches and trucks, including truck tractors, the requirements as to safety glazing material shall apply only to all glazing material used in required front windshields and that used in doors and windows in the drivers' compartments and such other compartments as are lawfully occupied by passengers in said vehicles.

(2) The term “safety glazing materials” means such glazing materials as will reduce substantially, in comparison with ordinary sheet glass or plate glass, the likelihood of injury to persons by objects from exterior sources or by these safety glazing materials when they may be cracked or broken.

(3) The department shall compile and publish a list of types of glazing material by name approved by it as meeting the requirements of this section, and the department shall not, after January 1, 1958, register any motor vehicle which is subject to the provisions of this section unless it is equipped with an approved type of safety glazing material, and the department shall suspend the registration of any motor vehicle subject to this section which is found to be not so equipped until it is made to conform to the requirements of this section.

(4) A person shall not operate a motor vehicle on a highway unless the vehicle is equipped with a front windshield as provided in this section, except as provided in § 42-4-232(1) and except for motor vehicles registered as collector's items under § 42-12-301 or 42-12-302.

(5) Any person who violates any provision of this section commits a class B traffic infraction.

(1) "Light transmission" means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, which is allowed to pass through a product or material including the glazing to the amount of total light falling on the product or material and the glazing.
(2) "Luminous reflectance" means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, which is reflected outward by a product or material to the amount of total light falling on the product or material.
(3) "Manufacturer" means (A) a person who engages in the manufacturing or assembling of sun screening products or materials designed to be used in conjunction with vehicle glazing materials, or (B) a person who fabricates, laminates or tempers the glazing material incorporating the capacity to reflect or to reduce the transmittance of light during the manufacturing process.
(b) No person may operate any motor vehicle which has any object or material placed, displayed, installed, affixed or applied in or on such vehicle in a manner so as to obstruct or reduce the operator's clear and full view of the road through the front windshield or the side or rear windows, except as provided in subsection (c) of this section. No person may place, install, affix or apply any transparent material on the front windshield or the side or rear windows of any motor vehicle if such material alters the color or reduces the light transmittance of such windshield or side or rear windows, except as provided in subsection (c) of this section. Any person required for medical reasons to be shielded from direct rays of the sun or any person operating a motor vehicle belonging to such person or in which such person is a usual passenger shall be exempt from the provisions of this subsection. Applications for such exemption based upon such medical reason shall be made in writing to the commissioner and shall be supported by the written documentation of a physician or optometrist licensed to practice in this state.
(c) The provisions of subsection (b) of this section shall not apply to:
(1) Front side wing vents and windows which are not mirror-like in appearance and have a substance or material in conjunction with glazing material that has a total light transmission of not less than thirty-five per cent plus or minus three per cent and a luminous reflectance of twenty-seven per cent plus or minus three per cent;
(2) Rearview mirrors;
(3) Adjustable nontransparent sun visors which are mounted forward of the side windows and are not attached to the glass;
(4) Signs, stickers or other materials which are displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver or signs, stickers or other materials which are displayed in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest the driver;
(5) The right and left side windows behind the driver and the rearmost window which shall not be mirror-like in appearance, having a substance or material in conjunction with glazing material that has a total light transmission of not less than thirty-five per cent plus or minus three per cent and a luminous reflectance of twenty-one per cent to plus or minus three per cent;
(6) The windows behind the driver on any truck, motor bus, trailer, mobile manufactured home, or multipurpose passenger vehicle, as defined in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Section 571.3, as amended from time to time, provided said vehicle is equipped with outside mirrors on the left and right-hand sides which are so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least two hundred feet to the rear of such motor vehicle;
(7) Direction, destination or termination signs upon a passenger common carrier motor vehicle, provided the signs do not interfere with the driver's clear view of approaching traffic;
(8) Rear window wiper motors;
(9) Rear trunk lid handle or hinges;
(10) The rearmost window or windows, provided the motor vehicle is equipped with outside mirrors on the left and right-hand sides of the vehicle which are so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least two hundred feet to the rear of such motor vehicle;
(11) Transparent material which is installed, affixed or applied to the topmost portion of the windshield, provided: (A) The bottom edge of the material is at least twenty-nine inches above the undepressed driver's seat when measured from a point five inches in front of the bottom of the backrest with the driver's seat in its rearmost and lowermost position with the vehicle on a level surface and (B) the material is not red or amber in color; or
(12) Any sticker or certificate required to be affixed or applied to any window pursuant to federal or state statute or any municipal ordinance.
(d) On and after July 1, 1996, no person shall sell, offer for sale or deliver in the state any motor vehicle having a windshield or any window which exceeds the standards relative to light transmission and luminous reflectance specified in this section.
(e) Each motor vehicle manufactured and sold on and after January 1, 1994, having a window which has been tinted or darkened with any tinted material after factory delivery shall have affixed to the lower left corner of each such window a sticker legible from outside the vehicle which indicates the sticker registration number, a certification of compliance with the provisions of this section, and such other information as the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles deems appropriate. The sticker shall be of a type which is pressure-sensitive, self-destructive upon removal, and shall not exceed one square inch in size. Prior to shipping or making any such material available in this state, for installation in a motor vehicle, the manufacturer shall apply to the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles for approval and registration of its tinted material and the sticker which is to be used in the identification and certification of compliance with the light transmission and reflectance standards established under this section. The commissioner shall not approve any tinted material or sticker unless the manufacturer demonstrates that the material and sticker comply with the provisions of this section. The manufacturer shall include with each delivery of tinted material in this state for installation in a motor vehicle a sticker, approved by the commissioner, with written instructions indicating the proper location for placement of such sticker. The presence of such sticker upon the window of a motor vehicle indicates that the person who affixed the sticker certifies that the window conforms to the standards relative to light transmission and luminous reflectance specified in this section.
(f) Any person who violates any provision of subsections (b) to (e), inclusive, of this section shall be deemed to have committed an infraction for each offense. Any person who violates any provision of subsection (b) of this section shall remove such object or material which obstructs his clear and full view of the road and report within sixty days to the police department which issued the infractions complaint to present his vehicle for inspection and to demonstrate compliance with the provisions of this section. If such person fails to report to such police department and is cited for a subsequent violation of this section, his vehicle shall be impounded after notice and opportunity for hearing.
 (g) Any person owning a vehicle having a window which has been tinted or darkened with any tinted material after factory delivery, shall present such vehicle to the Department of Motor Vehicles, by July 1, 1996, to receive a sticker for any tinted or darkened window to indicate such tinting or darkening is in compliance with this section. Any person operating a motor vehicle, on or after July 1, 1996, in violation of this subsection shall be deemed to have committed an infraction.
(h) The provisions of subsections (b) to (g), inclusive, of this section shall not apply to any motor vehicle in livery service, as defined in section 13b-101.
(i) On or after October 1, 1993, each person, firm or corporation which engages in the business of tinting windows of motor vehicles or in the retail sale or installation of tinted material for such windows shall post conspicuously and at all times display at each service counter in its establishment a sign which shall (1) state the permissible standards relative to light transmission and luminous reflectance specified in this section in block letters not less than three inches in height, (2) specify penalties for a violation of this section and (3) include actual tinted materials as examples.
(j) Each person, firm or corporation which engages in the business of tinting windows of motor vehicles and which performs such work from a mobile facility shall provide a written statement to the purchaser which shall state the permissible standards relative to light transmission and luminous reflectance specified in this section and the penalties for a violation of this section.
(k) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to implement the provisions of this section. 

§ 4313

a) No person shall operate any motor vehicle on any public highway, road or street with the front windshield, the side windows to the immediate right and left of the driver and/or side wings forward of and to the left and right of the driver that do not meet the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 205 in effect at the time of its manufacture.

(b) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the use of any products or materials along the top edge of the windshield so long as such products or materials are transparent and do not encroach upon the AS-1 portion of the windshield as provided by FMVSS 205 and [former] FMVSS 128.

(c) No person shall operate any motor vehicle on any public highway, road or street which does not conspicuously display a certificate by the manufacturer of any “after manufacture” window tinting material which may have been installed that such window tinting material meets the requirements of FMVSS 205 in effect at the time of the vehicle’s manufacture. It shall be a valid defense to any charge under this subsection if the person so charged produces in court a validated mandatory inspection notice showing that the Division of Motor Vehicles has examined the motor vehicle since the date of offense and certifies compliance with FMVSS 205.

(d) No person shall be convicted under this section if that person possesses a statement signed by a licensed practitioner of medicine and surgery or osteopathic medicine or optometry verifying that tinted windows are medically necessary for the owner or usual operator of said vehicle.

(e) This section shall not apply to anodized glass which is correctly installed in the windshield and windows of an antique motor vehicle or street rod, as such are defined in §§ 2196 and 2197 of this title or of a motor vehicle validly insured under an antique, classic or street rod designated motor vehicle insurance policy that covers the motor vehicle, pursuant to § 2118 of this title.

(f) This section shall not apply to any police K-9 unit vehicles, or any surveillance vehicles operated by a “police officer,” as defined under § 8401 of Title 11. This exception shall not apply to marked vehicles, except for police K-9 unit vehicles, or those unmarked vehicles used primarily for regular duty patrols.

§ 4313A

 (a) No person who installs window tinting material in motor vehicles as part of a commercial activity shall do so in violation of the requirements of § 4313 of this title.

(b) Whoever violates subsection (a) of this section shall be fined not less than $100 nor more than $500. If any fee was charged for such installation, the violator shall pay restitution to the owner of the vehicle in the amount of the fee charged for installing the illegal window tinting

(a)(1) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, no motor vehicle, other than a mini-van, may be operated or parked upon the public streets or spaces of the District of Columbia with:

(A) A front windshield or front side windows that allow less than 70% light transmittance; or

(B) A rear windshield or rear side windows that allow less than 50% light transmittance.

(2) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, no mini-van may be operated or parked upon the public streets or spaces of the District of Columbia with:

(A) A front windshield or front side windows that allow less than 55% light transmittance, or

(B) A rear windshield or rear side windows that allow less than 35% light transmittance.

(b) A motor vehicle may be operated or parked upon the public streets of the District of Columbia with a front windshield that allows less than 70% light transmittance above the AS-1 line, or within 5 inches from the top of the windshield.

(c) Any person who operates or parks a motor vehicle in violation of subsection (a) of this section shall be issued a $50 citation.

(d)(1) Except as provided by subsection (f) of this section, any motor vehicle found to violate subsection (a) of this section shall be required to be inspected at an official District Inspection Station within 5 business days after the finding.

(2) If the motor vehicle is not brought into compliance with subsection (a) of this section by the end of the 5-day period, the owner of the vehicle shall be fined not more than $1,000.

(e)(1) Except as provided by subsection (f) of this section, any motor vehicle found to violate subsection (a) of this section on a second or subsequent occasion shall be required to be inspected at an official District Inspection Station within 5 business days after the second or subsequent finding.

(2) If the motor vehicle is not brought into compliance with subsection (a) of this section by the end of the 5-day period, the owner of the vehicle may be fined not more than $5,000.

(f) Any police officer or other authorized government agent of the District may order the immediate removal of a motor vehicle from the public streets to an official District Inspection Station if the police officer or other authorized government agent determines that the health and safety of the public is at risk due to window tinting in violation of subsection (a) of this section.

(g) No person shall install window tinting on a motor vehicle which is not exempt pursuant to subsection (h) of this section, in the District of Columbia which would cause the motor vehicle to violate subsection (a) of this section if the vehicle were operated or parked on the public streets of the District of Columbia.

(h) This section shall not apply to:

(1) Limousines, ambulances, buses, and hearses meeting the requirements of 18 DCMR § 413.10;

(2) Church owned vehicles;

(3) All official government vehicles;

(4) Vehicles with tinted windows installed by the manufacturer prior to purchase; or

(5) Vehicles exempted by the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles because the owner of the vehicle has a medical condition requiring windows which allows less light than permitted pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.

(i) Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to modify or affect any federal law concerning the window tinting of motor vehicles that is applicable to manufacturers, importers, dealers, or motor vehicle repair businesses for new or used motor vehicles and equipment.

(j) The Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles is authorized to promulgate rules to implement the provisions this section and to amend existing provisions of Title 18 of the District of Columbia Municipal Regulations to conform to its requirements. Rules promulgated or amended pursuant to this section shall be submitted to the Council for a 45-day period of review, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, holidays, and days of Council recess.

(k) Notice of an infraction issued pursuant to subsections (d)(2) or (e)(2) of this section shall be mailed by U.S. mail to the owner’s last known address in the Department of Motor Vehicles’ records.

(l) Violations of subsections (d)(2) and (e)(2) of this section shall be adjudicated as moving violations.

(m) Answers to notices sent pursuant to subsection (k) of this section shall be in accordance with § 50-2302.05(a), (b), (c), and (e)), and subsection (n) of this section.

(n)(1) A person to whom a notice of infraction has been issued shall answer within 30 calendar days of the date the notice was mailed or within a greater period of time as prescribed by the Director by regulation.

(2) If a person fails to answer the notice within the 30-day period or within the period of time prescribed by the Director, the person’s registration certificate shall be suspended. The notice of the suspension shall be mailed by U.S. mail to the person’s address on the Department’s records. Suspension shall take effect 15 days after the date the notice of suspension was mailed.

(3) The possession by the Department of a copy of the notice of suspension addressed to a person or a copy of the certificate or affidavit provided for in 18 DCMR § 307.7 shall establish a rebuttable presumption that the notice of suspension was received by the person by the date the suspension became effective.

(4) A suspension resulting from a failure to answer shall remain in effect until the person answers the notice, except that once the offense is deemed admitted the suspension may be lifted only by payment of the fine for the offense and any additional penalties imposed pursuant to § 50-2301.05, for failure to answer within the time required by paragraph (1) of this subsection.

(o) The Director shall reject any vehicles appearing for inspection pursuant to Chapter 11 of this title whose window tint violates subsections (a) or (b) of this section.

(p) No points shall be assessed for any violation of this section.

§ 316.2951

 Motor vehicle windows; definitions.—

Whenever used in ss. 316.2951-316.2957, unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) “Motor vehicle” means any vehicle as defined in s. 316.003, except vehicles used in farm husbandry, which is registered or required to be registered in the state.

(2) “Multipurpose passenger vehicle” means a motor vehicle with motive power designed to carry 10 persons or fewer which is constructed either on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road operation.

(3) “Reflectance” means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in a percentage, which is reflected outward by the product or material to the amount of total light falling on the product or material.

(4) “Sunscreening material” means a product or material, including film, glazing, and perforated sunscreening, which, when applied to the windshield or windows of a motor vehicle, reduces the effects of the sun with respect to light reflectance or transmittance.

(5) “Transmittance” means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in a percentage, which is allowed to pass through the product or material, including glazing, to the amount of total light falling on the product or material and the glazing.

(6) “Window” means any device designed for exterior viewing from a motor vehicle, except the windshield, any roof-mounted viewing device, and any viewing device having less than 150 square inches in area.

(7) “Windshield” means the front exterior viewing device of a motor vehicle.

§ 316.2952 

Windshields; requirements; restrictions.—

 (1) A windshield in a fixed and upright position, which windshield is equipped with safety glazing as required by federal safety-glazing material standards, is required on every motor vehicle which is operated on the public highways, roads, and streets, except on a motorcycle or implement of husbandry.

(2) A person shall not operate any motor vehicle on any public highway, road, or street with any sign, sunscreening material, product, or covering attached to, or located in or upon, the windshield, except the following:(a) A certificate or other paper required to be displayed by law.
(b) Sunscreening material along a strip at the top of the windshield, so long as such material is transparent and does not encroach upon the driver’s direct forward viewing area as more particularly described and defined in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards No. 205 as the AS/1 portion of the windshield.
(c) A device, issued by a governmental entity as defined in s. 334.03, or its designee, for the purpose of electronic toll payments.
(d) A global positioning system device or similar satellite receiver device that uses the global positioning system operated pursuant to 10 U.S.C. s. 2281 to obtain navigation, to improve driver safety as a component of safety monitoring equipment capable of providing driver feedback, or to otherwise route information while the motor vehicle is being operated.

(3) The windshield on every motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, snow, or other moisture from the windshield, which device shall be constructed as to be controlled or operated by the driver of the vehicle.

(4) Every windshield wiper upon a motor vehicle shall be maintained in good working order.

(5) Grove equipment, including “goats,” “highlift-goats,” grove chemical supply tanks, fertilizer distributors, fruit-loading equipment, and electric-powered vehicles regulated under the provisions of s. 316.267, are exempt from the requirements of this section. However, such electric-powered vehicles shall have a windscreen approved by the department sufficient to give protection from wind, rain, or insects, and such windscreen shall be in place whenever the vehicle is operated on the public roads and highways.

(6) A former military vehicle is exempt from the requirements of this section if the department determines that the exemption is necessary to maintain the vehicle’s accurate military design and markings. However, whenever the vehicle is operating on the public roads and highways, the operator and passengers must wear eye-protective devices approved by the department. For purposes of this subsection, “former military vehicle” means a vehicle, including a trailer, regardless of the vehicle’s size, weight, or year of manufacture, that was manufactured for use in any country’s military forces and is maintained to represent its military design and markings accurately.

(7) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a nonmoving violation as provided in chapter 318.

 316.2953 

 Side windows; restrictions on sunscreening material.—

A person shall not operate any motor vehicle on any public highway, road, or street on which vehicle the side wings and side windows on either side forward of or adjacent to the operator’s seat are composed of, covered by, or treated with any sunscreening material or other product or covering which has the effect of making the window nontransparent or which would alter the window’s color, increase its reflectivity, or reduce its light transmittance, except as expressly permitted by this section. A sunscreening material is authorized for such windows if, when applied to and tested on the glass of such windows on the specific motor vehicle, the material has a total solar reflectance of visible light of not more than 25 percent as measured on the nonfilm side and a light transmittance of at least 28 percent in the visible light range. A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a nonmoving violation as provided in chapter 318. 

 316.2954 

 Windows behind the driver; restrictions on sunscreening material.—

(1) A person shall not operate any motor vehicle on any public highway, road, or street on which vehicle any windows behind the driver are composed of, covered by, or treated with any sunscreening material, or other product or material which has the effect of making the window nontransparent or which would alter the window’s color, increase its reflectivity, or reduce its light transmittance, except as specified below:(a) Sunscreening material consisting of film which, when applied to and tested on the rear window glass of the specific motor vehicle, has a total solar reflectance of visible light of not more than 35 percent as measured on the nonfilm side and a light transmittance of at least 15 percent in the visible light range; however, sunscreening material which, when applied to and tested on the rear window glass of the specific motor vehicle, has a total solar reflectance of visible light of not more than 35 percent as measured on the nonfilm side and a light transmittance of at least 6 percent in the visible light range may be used on multipurpose passenger vehicles.
(b) Perforated sunscreening material which, when tested in conjunction with existing glazing or film material, has a total reflectance of visible light of not more than 35 percent and a light transmittance of no less than 30 percent. For those products or materials having different levels of reflectance, the highest reflectance from the product or material will be measured by dividing the area into 16 equal sections and averaging the overall reflectance. The measured reflectance of any of those sections may not exceed 50 percent.
(c) Louvered materials, if the installation of the materials does not reduce driver visibility by more than 50 percent.
(d) Privacy drapes, curtains and blinds, provided such covering is in an open and secure position when the motor vehicle is being operated on any public highway, road, or street.

(2) A person shall not operate any motor vehicle upon any public highway, road, or street, on which vehicle the rear window is composed of, covered by, or treated with any material which has the effect of making the window nontransparent, unless the vehicle is equipped with side mirrors on both sides that meet the requirements of s. 316.294.

(3) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a nonmoving violation as provided in chapter 318.

 316.29545 

 Window sunscreening exclusions; medical exemption; certain law enforcement vehicles, process server vehicles, and private investigative service vehicles exempt.—

(1) The department shall issue medical exemption certificates to persons who are afflicted with Lupus, any autoimmune disease, or other medical conditions which require a limited exposure to light, which certificates shall entitle the person to whom the certificate is issued to have sunscreening material on the windshield, side windows, and windows behind the driver which is in violation of the requirements of ss. 316.2951-316.2957. The department shall consult with the Medical Advisory Board established in s. 322.125 for guidance with respect to the autoimmune diseases and other medical conditions which shall be included on the form of the medical certificate authorized by this section. At a minimum, the medical exemption certificate shall include a vehicle description with the make, model, year, vehicle identification number, medical exemption decal number issued for the vehicle, and the name of the person or persons who are the registered owners of the vehicle. A medical exemption certificate shall be nontransferable and shall become null and void upon the sale or transfer of the vehicle identified on the certificate.

(2) The department shall exempt all law enforcement vehicles used in undercover or canine operations from the window sunscreening requirements of ss. 316.2951-316.2957.

(3) The department shall exempt from the window sunscreening restrictions of ss. 316.2953, 316.2954, and 316.2956 vehicles that are owned or leased by process servers certified pursuant to s. 48.29 or by private investigators or private investigative agencies licensed under chapter 493.

(4) The department may charge a fee in an amount sufficient to defray the expenses of issuing a medical exemption certificate as described in subsection (1).

 316.2955 

 Window sunscreening material; compliance labeling; tolerances.—

(1) Each installer or seller of sunscreening material shall provide a pressure-sensitive, self-destructive, nonremovable, vinyl-type film label to the purchaser stating that the material complies with the provisions of ss. 316.2951-316.2954. Each such installer shall affix the required label to the inside left door jamb of the motor vehicle. In addition, the label shall state the trade name of the material and the installer’s or seller’s business name. Labeling is not required for factory glazing which complies with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 205.

(2) Every percentage measurement required by ss. 316.2951-316.2954 is subject to a tolerance of plus or minus 3 percent.

(3) The department shall adopt rules approving light transmittance measuring devices for use in making measurements required by ss. 316.2951-316.2954. A witness otherwise qualified to testify shall be competent to give testimony regarding the percentage of light transmission when the testimony is derived from the use of an approved device. The reading from an approved device is presumed accurate and shall be admissible into evidence in the trial of any infraction arising under ss. 316.2951-316.2954.

 316.2956 

 Violation of provisions relating to windshields, windows, and sunscreening material; penalties.—

(1) Any person who operates a motor vehicle on which, after June 20, 1984, material was installed in violation of ss. 316.2951-316.2954 commits a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a nonmoving violation as provided in chapter 318.

(2) The replacement or repair of any material legally installed is not a violation of ss. 316.2951-316.2954.

(3) Any person who sells or installs sunscreening material in violation of any provision of ss. 316.2951-316.2955 is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

 316.2957 

 Exemption for motor vehicle manufacturers.—

The provisions of ss. 316.2951-316.2956 do not apply to the manufacturer’s tinting or glazing of motor vehicle windows or windshields which is otherwise in compliance with or permitted by Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 205 as promulgated in 49 C.F.R. s. 571.205. 

§ 40-8-73

(a) No person shall drive any motor vehicle with any sign, poster, or other nontransparent material upon the front windshield, side windows, or rear windows of such vehicle which obstructs the driver’s clear view of the highway or any intersecting highway; provided, however, that, except as prohibited by federal law, rules, or regulations in the operation of a commercial motor vehicle, a person may drive a motor vehicle with a mount for the support of a wireless telecommunications device or stand-alone electronic device, as such terms are defined in Code Section 40-6-241, upon the front windshield, provided that such mount is located on the windshield in a manner which minimizes obstruction of the driver’s view.

(b) The windshield of every motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, snow, or other moisture therefrom, which device shall be so constructed as to be controlled or operated by the driver of the vehicle.

(c) Every windshield wiper upon a motor vehicle shall be maintained in good working order.

(d) No opaque or solid material including, but not limited to, cardboard, plastic, and taped glass shall be employed in lieu of a glass windshield or window.

(e) No motor vehicle shall be operated with a windshield or rear window having a starburst or spider webbing effect greater than three inches by three inches.

§ 40-8-73.1

(a) As used in this Code section, the term:(1) “Light reflectance” means the ratio of the amount of total light that is reflected outward by a product or material to the amount of total light falling on the product or material.
(2) “Light transmission” means the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, which is allowed to pass through a surface to the amount of light falling on the surface.
(3) “Manufacturer” means a person who produces or assembles a vehicle glass-coating material or who fabricates, laminates, or tempers a safety-glazing material, which material reduces light transmission.
(4) “Material” means any transparent product or substance which reduces light transmission.
(5) “Multipurpose passenger vehicle” means a motor vehicle designed to carry ten persons or less which is constructed on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road operation.

(b) Except as provided in this Code section, it shall be unlawful for any person to operate a motor vehicle in this state:(1) Which has material and glazing applied or affixed to the front windshield, which material and glazing when so applied or affixed reduce light transmission through the windshield; or
(2) Which has material and glazing applied or affixed to the rear windshield or the side or door windows, which material and glazing when so applied or affixed reduce light transmission through the windshield or window to less than 32 percent, plus or minus 3 percent, or increase light reflectance to more than 20 percent.

(c) The provisions of subsection (b) of this Code section shall not apply to:(1) Adjustable sun visors which are mounted forward of the side windows and are not attached to the glass;
(2) Signs, stickers, or other matter which is displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver or signs, stickers, or other matter which is displayed in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest the driver;
(3) Direction, destination, or termination signs upon a passenger common carrier motor vehicle if the signs do not interfere with the driver’s clear view of approaching traffic;
(4) Any transparent item which is not red or amber in color which is placed on the uppermost six inches of the windshield;
(5) Any federal, state, or local sticker or certificate which is required by law to be placed on any windshield or window;
(6) The rear windshield or the side or door windows, except those windows to the right and left of the driver of:(A) A multipurpose passenger vehicle;
(B) A school bus, any other bus used for public transportation, and any bus or van owned or leased by any religious or any nonprofit organization duly incorporated under the laws of this state;
(C) Any limousine owned or leased by a public or private entity; or
(D) Any other vehicle, the windows or windshields of which have been tinted or darkened before factory delivery or permitted by federal law or regulation;
(7) Any law enforcement vehicle;
(8) Any vehicle that displays a valid special license plate issued to a government official under Code Section 40-2-61, 40-2-63, or 40-2-64;
(9) Any vehicle owned or operated by the state or a political subdivision thereof and that displays a valid license plate issued pursuant to Code Section 40-2-37; or
(10) Any vehicle operated in the course of business by a person licensed or registered under Chapter 38 of Title 43, relating to private detective and private security businesses.

(d) The Department of Public Safety may, upon application from a person required for medical reasons to be shielded from the direct rays of the sun and only if such application is supported by written attestation of such fact from a person licensed to practice medicine under Chapter 34 of Title 43 or a person certified as an optometrist under Chapter 30 of Title 43, issue an exemption from the provisions of this Code section for any motor vehicle owned by such person or in which such person is a habitual passenger. The exemption shall be issued with such conditions and limitations as may be prescribed by the Department of Public Safety.

(e) No person shall install any material upon the windshields or windows of any motor vehicle, the installation of which would result in a reduction of light transmission or an increase in light reflectance in violation of subsection (b) of this Code section.

(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Code section, commercial motor vehicles operated in this state are subject to the specifications of or limitations relating to windshield or window glazing or the application of light reducing or reflectance material to the windshield or windows as provided for in the federal motor carrier safety regulations contained in 49 C.F.R. 393.60 and adopted by the commissioner of public safety pursuant to Code Section 40-1-8.

(g) The Department of Public Safety is authorized to promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Code section.

(h) Any person who violates subsection (b) or (e) of this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.

 a)  No person shall operate, permit the operation of, cause to be operated, or park any motor vehicle on a public highway if the glazing material of the motor vehicle:

     (1)  Does not meet the requirements of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 205 in effect at the time of its manufacture; or

     (2)  Is used in conjunction with sun screening devices not exempted from this section by subsection (d) hereof.

     (b)  No person shall install, mount, adhere, affix, or use any sun screening device or combination of devices in conjunction with the glazing material of a motor vehicle which does not meet the requirements of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 205 in effect at the time of the glazing material's manufacture except as provided in this section.  Any person who violates this section shall be liable for the removal of any sun screening device applied contrary to this section.

     (c)  A safety inspection required under section 286-25 shall include a test to ensure that the glazing material and any sun screening devices meet the requirements specified in this section.

     (d)  This section shall not apply to:

     (1)  Rearview mirrors;

     (2)  Adjustable nontransparent sun visors which are mounted forward of the side windows and are not attached to the glazing material;

     (3)  Signs, stickers, or other materials which are displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver or signs, stickers, or other materials which are displayed in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest the driver;

     (4)  Rear trunk lid handle or hinges;

     (5)  Window wipers and window wiper motors;

     (6)  Transparent sun screening film materials which are installed, affixed, or applied along the top edge of the windshield so long as such materials do not encroach upon the AS-1 portion of the windshield as provided by Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 205 or no lower than four inches below the top of the windshield, when measured from the middle point of the bottom edge of the top windshield moulding if no AS-1 markings can be found in the left or right upper margin of the windshield;

     (7)  Sun screening devices for front side wing vents and windows which, when used in conjunction with the glazing material have a light transmittance of no less than thirty-five per cent plus or minus six per cent;

     (8)  Sun screening devices for side windows necessary for driving visibility which are to the rear of the driver and for rear windows necessary for driving visibility which, when used in conjunction with the glazing material, have a light transmittance of no less than thirty-five per cent plus or minus six per cent;

     (9)  Side windows which are to the rear of the driver and rear windows on vans, minivans, trucks, or buses; provided that the vehicles are equipped with rearview mirrors on both sides;

    (10)  Privacy drapes, curtains, or blinds, or any combination, installed on the interior of motor homes; or

    (11)  Transparent sun screening materials, when applied to the AS-1 portion of the windshield, which meets the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 205.

     (e)  Any person who violates this section shall be fined:

     (1)  Not less than $250 or more than $500 for each separate offense if the person is the owner of the motor vehicle which is in violation; and

     (2)  Not less than $500 nor more than $1,000 for each separate offense if the person or business entity is the installer of any sun screening device which does not meet the requirements of this section.  The installer shall also reinstall sun protective devices which comply with this section, free of charge, or reimburse the motor vehicle owner for the cost of installing sun protective devices by another installer which comply with this section.

The receipt from the installer in the possession of the person in the motor vehicle at the time of the issuance of the citation shall be prima facie evidence of the identity of the installer.  The installer shall issue a certificate to the vehicle owner at the time the sunscreen device is installed certifying that the device complies with law.  The certificate shall be stored in the motor vehicle at all times.

 (1) It is unlawful for any person to place, install, affix, or apply any window tinting film or sunscreening device to the windows of any motor vehicle, except as follows:

(a)  Nonreflective window tinting film or sunscreening devices shall not be applied to the windshield below the AS-1 line; if no AS-1 line is identifiable on the windshield, nonreflective window tinting film or sunscreening devices shall not be applied to the windshield below a line extending six (6) inches below and parallel to the exposed windshield;

(b)  Nonreflective window tinting film or sunscreening devices that have a light transmission of not less than thirty-five percent (35%) with a tolerance limit of plus or minus three percent (3%) and a luminous reflectance of no more than thirty-five percent (35%) with a tolerance limit of plus or minus three percent (3%) may be applied to the front side vents, front side windows to the immediate right and left of the driver, and the rear window;

(c)  Nonreflective window tinting film or sunscreening devices that have a light transmission of not less than twenty percent (20%) with a tolerance limit of plus or minus three percent (3%) and a luminous reflectance of no more than thirty-five percent (35%) with a tolerance limit of plus or minus three percent (3%) may be applied to the side windows to the rear of the driver;

(d)  Window tinting films or sunscreening devices are materials or devices that are designed to be used in conjunction with approved vehicle glazing materials for the purpose of reducing the effects of the sun;

(e)  Light transmission is the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, that is allowed to pass through the product or material to the amount of total light falling on the product or material;

(f)  Luminous reflectance is the ratio of the amount of total light, expressed in percentages, that is reflected outward by the product or material to the amount of total light falling on the product or material.

(2)  No person shall operate on the public highways, sell, or offer to sell any motor vehicle with a windshield or windows that are not in compliance with the provisions of this section.

(3)  The Idaho state police may promulgate rules in order to implement the provisions of this section.

(4)  Nonreflective window tinting film or sunscreening devices that have a light transmission of not less than seventy percent (70%) plus or minus three percent (3%) for the front windshield and not less than twenty percent (20%) plus or minus three percent (3%) for the windows, with a luminous reflectance of no more than thirty-five percent (35%) plus or minus three percent (3%) in each instance, is permitted for a motor vehicle operated by, or carrying as a passenger, a person who possesses written verification from a licensed physician that the operator or passenger must be protected from exposure to sunlight or heat for medical reasons associated with past or current treatment; such written verification shall be carried in the vehicle.

(5)  Nothing in this section shall be construed to make illegal the operation or sale of any motor vehicle, the windshield or windows of which are composed of, covered by, or treated with any material, substance, system, or component with which the motor vehicle was sold when new or could have been equipped for sale when new as standard or optional equipment from the manufacturer or authorized dealer under any United States government statute or regulation governing such sale at the time of manufacture.

(6)  Any person convicted of a violation of the provisions of this section shall be guilty of an infraction.

History:

(a) Every motor vehicle operated upon the highways of this State shall be equipped with a front windshield which complies with those standards as established pursuant to this Section and Section 12-503 of this Code. This subsection shall not apply to motor vehicles designed and used exclusively for off-highway use, motorcycles, motor-driven cycles, motorized pedalcycles, nor to motor vehicles registered as antique vehicles, expanded-use antique vehicles, custom vehicles, or street rods when the original design of such vehicles did not include front windshields.

(b) No person shall knowingly sell any 1936 or later model motor vehicle unless such vehicle is equipped with safety glazing material conforming to specifications prescribed by the Department wherever glazing material is used in doors, windows and windshields. Regulations promulgated by the Department specifying standards for safety glazing material on windshields shall, as a minimum, conform with those applicable Federal Motor Vehicles Safety Standards (49 CFR 571.205). These provisions apply to all motor vehicles of the first and second division but with respect to trucks, including truck tractors, the requirements as to safety glazing material apply to all glazing material used in doors, windows and windshields in the drivers' compartments of such vehicles.

(c) It is unlawful for the owner or any other person knowingly to install or cause to be installed in any motor vehicle any glazing material other than safety glazing material conforming to the specifications prescribed by the Department.

9-19-19-1  

Safety glazing materials defined

Sec. 1. As used in this chapter, "safety glazing materials" means glazing materials constructed, treated, or combined with other materials to reduce substantially, in comparison with ordinary sheet glass or plate glass, the likelihood of injury to persons by objects from exterior sources or by the safety glazing materials when the materials are cracked or broken.

9-19-19-2 

Front windshield 

Sec. 2. A motor vehicle, except a motorcycle or a motor driven cycle, required to be registered with the bureau must be equipped with a front windshield. 

9-19-19-3 

Decals, signs, posters, sunscreens, or other nontransparent material 

Sec. 3. (a) This section does not apply to the display of a decal required by the United States Department of Defense on the following:

(1) A military vehicle.

(2) A motor vehicle owned by a person in the service of the armed forces of the United States.

(3) A motor vehicle owned by a person employed by the armed forces of the United States.

(4) A motor vehicle authorized to display the decal by the military police of the armed forces of the United States.

(b) A person may not drive a motor vehicle with a sign, poster, sunscreening material, or other nontransparent material upon the front windshield, side wings, or side or rear windows of the vehicle that obstructs the driver's clear view of the highway or an intersecting highway. However, signs, posters, or other nontransparent material not larger than four (4) inches square may be placed upon the front windshield, side wings, or side or rear windows in the lower corner farthest removed from the driver's position.

 9-19-19-4 

Tinting, glazing, or sunscreening vehicle windows 

Sec. 4. (a) This section does not apply to a manufacturer's tinting or glazing of motor vehicle windows or windshields that is otherwise in compliance with or permitted by FMVSS205 as promulgated in 49 CFR 571.205. Proof from the manufacturer, supplier, or installer that the tinting or glazing is in compliance with or permitted by FMVSS205 must be carried in the vehicle.

(b) This section does not apply to the driver of a vehicle:

(1) that is owned by an individual required for medical reasons to be shielded from the direct rays of the sun; or

(2) in which an individual required for medical reasons to be shielded from the direct rays of the sun is a habitual passenger.

The medical reasons must be attested to by a physician or optometrist licensed to practice in Indiana, and the physician's or optometrist's certification of that condition must be carried in the vehicle. The physician's or optometrist's certificate must be renewed annually.

(c) A person may not drive a motor vehicle that has a:

(1) windshield;

(2) side wing;

(3) side window that is part of a front door; or

(4) rear back window;

that is covered by or treated with sunscreening material or is tinted with material that has a total solar reflectance of visible light of more than twenty-five percent (25%) as measured on the nonfilm side and light transmittance of less than thirty percent (30%) in the visible light range.

(d) A person may not tint or otherwise cover or treat with sunscreening the parts of a vehicle described in subsection (c) so that operation of the vehicle after the tinting or sunscreening is performed is a violation of subsection (c). However, it is not a violation of this chapter if this work is performed for a person who submits a physician's or optometrist's statement as described in subsection (b) to the person who is to perform the work.

(e) A vehicle may be stopped to determine compliance with this section. However, a vehicle, the contents of a vehicle, the driver of a vehicle, or a passenger in a vehicle may not be inspected, searched, or detained solely because of a violation of this section.

9-19-19-5

Sale or registration of new vehicles not equipped with approved safety glazing; application of section

Sec. 5. (a) This section applies to all passenger-type motor vehicles, including passenger buses and school buses. With respect to trucks, including truck-tractors, the requirements for safety glazing material in this section apply to all glazing material used in doors, windows, and windshields in the driver's compartment of a vehicle.

(b) A person may not sell a new motor vehicle and a new motor vehicle may not be registered unless the vehicle is equipped with safety glazing material of a type approved by the director of traffic safety wherever glazing material is used in doors, windows, and windshields.

 Windshields and windows. 

1. A person shall not drive a motor vehicle equipped with a windshield, sidewings, or side or rear windows which do not permit clear vision. 2. A person shall not operate on the highway a motor vehicle equipped with a front windshield, a side window to the immediate right or left of the driver, or a sidewing forward of and to the left or right of the driver which is excessively dark or reflective so that it is difficult for a person outside the motor vehicle to see into the motor vehicle through the windshield, window, or sidewing. a. The department shall adopt rules establishing a minimum measurable standard of transparency which shall apply to violations of this subsection. b. This subsection does not apply to a person who operates a motor vehicle owned or leased by a federal, state, or local law enforcement agency if the operation is part of the person’s official duties. 3. Every motor vehicle except a motorcycle, or a vehicle included in the provisions of section 321.383 or section 321.115 shall be equipped with a windshield in accordance with section 321.444. 

 Front windshields, windows or sidewings.

450.7(1)   Prohibition. Except as provided in Iowa Code section321.438(2), a person shall not operate on the highway a motor vehicle equipped with a front windshield, a side window to the immediate right or left of the driver (front side window) or a sidewing forward of and to the left or right of the driver (front sidewing) which is excessively dark or reflective.

450.7(2)   Standard of transparency. “Excessively dark or reflective” means that the windshield, front side window or front sidewing does not meet a minimum standard of transparency of 70 percent light transmittance.

450.7(3)   Dark window exemption.   a.  Effective July 4, 2012, no exemption shall be granted from the minimum standard of transparency set forth in subrule 450.7(2).  b.  A motor vehicle fitted with a front windshield, a front side window or a front sidewing with less than 70 percent but not less than 35 percent light transmittance before July 4, 2012, may continue to be maintained and operated with a front windshield, a front side window or a front sidewing with less than 70 percent but not less than 35 percent light transmittance on or after July 4, 2012, so long as the vehicle continues to be used for the transport of a passenger or operator who obtained Form 432020, which documented a medical need for such reduced transparency, and was signed by the person’s physician before July 4, 2012. Form 432020 must be carried at all times in the vehicle to which the exemption applies. At such time as the vehicle is no longer used for the transport of the passenger or operator who is the subject of Form 432020, the exemption expires and may not be renewed. The owner of the vehicle to which the exemption applied must return the vehicle to conformance with the minimum standard of transparency set forth in subrule 450.7(2) within 60 days of expiration of the exemption.  c.  “Physician” as used in this rule means a person licensed under Iowa Code chapter 148, 151 or 154. This rule is intended to implement Iowa Code section 321.438. 

8-1749a.
One-way glass and sun screening devices; requirements; exceptions; penalties.
(a) No motor vehicle required to be registered in this state and which is operated on the highways of this state shall be equipped with one-way glass or any sun screening device, as defined in K.S.A. 8-1749b, and amendments thereto, and used in conjunction with windshields, side wings, side windows or rear windows that do not meet the following requirements:

(1) A sun screening device when used in conjunction with the windshield shall be nonreflective and shall not be red, yellow or amber in color. A sun screening device shall be used only along the top of the windshield and shall not extend downward beyond the AS1 line which is clearly defined and marked;

(2) a sun screening device when used in conjunction with the side wings or side windows located at the immediate right and left of the driver, the side windows behind the driver and the rear most window shall be nonreflective; and

(3) the total light transmission shall not be less than 35% when a sun screening device is used in conjunction with other existing sun screening devices.

(b) Subsection (a)(3) shall not apply to a window of a law enforcement motor vehicle that is clearly identified as such by words or other symbols on the outside of the vehicle.

(c) The superintendent of the highway patrol may adopt such rules and regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

(d) This section shall not prohibit labels, stickers or other informational signs that are required or permitted by state law.

(e) No motor vehicle required to be registered in this state which is operated on the highways of this state shall be equipped with head lamps which are covered with any sun screening device, adhesive film or other glaze or application which, when such lamps are not in operation, is highly reflective or otherwise nontransparent.

(f) Any person convicted of violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.

8-1749b.

Sun screening devices; definitions. 

For the purpose of K.S.A. 8-1749a, and amendments thereto:

(a) "Sun screening devices" means a film material or device that is designed to be used in conjunction with motor vehicle safety glazing materials for reducing the effects of the sun;

(b) "light transmission" means the ratio of the amount of total light to pass through a product or material including any safety glazing material to the amount of the total light falling on the product or material and the glazing;

(c) "luminous reflectants" means the ratio of the amount of total light that is reflected outward by the product or material to the amount of the total light falling on the product or material;

(d) "nonreflective" means a product or material designed to absorb light rather than to reflect it.

8-1749c. 

Unlawful installation of sun screening device; penalty. 

Any person who installs a sun screening device on a motor vehicle which is not in compliance with the provisions of K.S.A. 8-1749a, and amendments thereto, upon conviction, shall be guilty of a class C misdemeanor. 

Unobstructed  windshields --Display  of  American  flag --Windshield wipers.  

(1)A windshield in a fixed and upright position, that is equipped with safety glazing as required  by  federal  safety-glazing  material  standards,  is  required  on  every  motor vehicle  which  is  operated  on  the  public  highways,  roads,  and  streets,  except  on  a motorcycle or implement of husbandry.(2)A person shall not operate a motor vehicle on a public highway, road, or street with any  sign,  sunscreening  material,  product,  or  covering  attached  to,  or  located  in  or upon the windshield, except the following:(a)A certificate or other paper required to be displayed by law;(b)Sunscreening material along a strip at the top of the windshield, if the material is transparent and does not encroach upon the driver's direct forward viewing area  as  defined  in  Federal  Motor  Vehicle  Safety  Standards  No.  205  as  the AS/1 portion of the windshield.(3)A  person  shall  not  operate  a  motor  vehicle  required  to  be  registered  in  the Commonwealth,  on  a  public  highway,  road,  or  street  on  which  vehicle  the  side wings and side windows on either side forward of or adjacent to the operator's seat are  composed  of,  covered  by,  or  treated  with  any  sunscreening  material  or  other product  or  covering  which  has  the  effect  of  making  the  window  nontransparent  or which  would  alter  the  window's  color,  increase  its  reflectivity,  or  reduce  its  light transmittance,   except   as   expressly   permitted   by   this   section.  A  sunscreening material  may  be  applied  to  the  windows  if,  when  tested  on  one-eighth  (1/8)  inch clear glass, the material has a total solar reflectance of visible light of not more than twenty-five   percent   (25%)   as   measured   on   the   nonfilm   side   and   a   light transmittance of at least thirty-five percent (35%) in the visible light range.(4)A  person  shall  not  operate  a  motor  vehicle  required  to  be  registered  in  the Commonwealth, on a public highway, road, or street on which vehicle any windows behind  the  driver  are  composed  of,  covered  by,  or  treated  with  any  sunscreening material,  or  other  product  or  material  which  has  the  effect  of  making  the  window nontransparent or which would alter the window's color, increase its reflectivity, or reduce its light transmittance, except as specified below:(a)Sunscreen material consisting of film which, when tested on one-eighth (1/8) inch  clear glass, has a total solar reflectance of visible light of not more than thirty-five  percent  (35%)  as  measured  on  the  nonfilm  side  and  a  light transmittance  of  at  least  eighteen  percent  (18%)  in  the  visible  light  range; however, sunscreen material which, when tested on one-eighth (1/8) inch clear glass, has a total solar reflectance of visible light of not more than thirty-five percent (35%) as measured on the nonfilm side and a light transmittance of at least eight percent (8%) in the visible light range may be used on multipurpose passenger vehicles;(b)Perforated  sunscreening  material  which,  when  tested  in  conjunction  with existing glazing or film material, has a total reflectance of visible light of not more  than  thirty-five  percent  (35%)  and  a  light  transmittance  of  no  less than thirty percent (30%). For those products or materials having different levels of reflectance,  the  highest  reflectance  from  the  product  or  material  will  be measured  by  dividing  the  area  into  sixteen  (16)  equal  sections  and  averaging the overall reflectance. The measured reflectance of any of those sections may not exceed fifty percent (50%).(5)A  person  shall  not  operate  a  motor  vehicle  required  to  be  registered  in  the Commonwealth,  upon  a  public  highway,  road,  or  street,  on  which  vehicle  the  rear window  is  composed  of,  covered  by,  or  treated  with  any  material  which  has  the effect  of  making  the  window  nontransparent,  unless  the  vehicle  is  equipped  with side mirrors on both sides.(6)Each  installer  or  seller  of  sunscreening  material  shall  provide  a  pressure-sensitive, self-destructive,  nonremovable,  vinyl-type  film  label  to  the  purchaser  stating  that the   material   complies   with   the   provisions   of  KRS  189.010(20)  to  (23)  and subsections (1) to (5) of this section. Each installer shall affix the required label to the  inside  left  door  jamb  of  the  motor  vehicle.  In  addition,  the  label  shall  state the trade  name  of  the  material  and  the  installer's  or  seller's  business  name. Labeling is not required for factory glazing which complies with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 205.(7)Every percentage measurement required by subsections (3) and (4) of this section is subject to a tolerance of plus or minus three percent (3%).(8)A person shall not install window tinting materials on a vehicle that fails to meet the minimum standards for light transmission pursuant to subsections (3) and (4) of this section.   Tinted   material   that   fails   to   meet   the   minimum   standards   for   light transmission  pursuant  to  subsections  (3)  and  (4)  of  this  section  shall  be  removed immediately.(9)A  person  who  applies  sunscreening  materials  in  violation  of  this  section  shall  be guilty upon conviction of a Class B misdemeanor.(10)Nothing in this section shall prevent the display of a representation of the American flag  on  the  rear  window  of  any  motor  vehicle,  including  any  vehicle  owned  by  a local or state government, provided that the representation does not exceed a size of five  (5)  inches  by  eight  (8)  inches  and  is  placed  in  a  lower  corner  of  the  rear window.(11)The windshield on every motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain,   snow   or   other   moisture   from   the   windshield.   The   device   shall   be   so constructed as to be controlled by the operator of the vehicle.(12)Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the use of any window which is composed  of,  covered  by,  or  treated  with  any  material  or  component  in  a  manner approved  by  federal statute or regulation if the window was a component part of a vehicle at the time of the vehicle manufacture, or the replacement of any window by a covering which meets these requirements.Effective:July 15, 1994History:Amended 1994 Ky. Acts ch. 42, sec. 11, effective July 15, 1994. --Amended 1988 Ky. Acts ch. 244, sec. 2, effective July 15, 1988. --Amended 1970 Ky. Acts ch. 283,  sec.  1. --Recodified 1942 Ky. Acts ch. 208, sec. 1, effective  October 1, 1942,